Exercise - Question:
Q1. Answer the following questions.
(i) Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?
Answer: Temperature and rainfall are two main climatic factors responsible or soil formation. Rainfall contributes in breaking the rocks by applying pressure. Temperature fluctuations between hot and cold also form cracks in the rocks.
(ii)Write any two reasons for land degradation today.
Answer: Reasons or land degradation are:
(a) Ever growing demand o the growing population
(b) Destruction of forest cover
(iii) Why land is considered an important resource?
Answer: Land is an important resource because it provides surface for agriculture, living, forestry industries, construction, etc. Most activities take place on land
(iv) Name any two steps that government has taken to conserve plants and animals.
Answer: Steps taken by the government include establishment of natural parks ad wildlife sanctuaries sanctuaries in different parts of India. Their purpose is conservation of vegetation and wildlife, respectively.
(v) Suggest three ways to conserve water.
Answer: Three ways to conserve water are as under:
(a)Rainwater harvesting: it is a method o collecting water while it rains so that it may come o use in the future.
(b)The canals used for irrigation should be properly built so that loss water does not take place while the water is transported to the field
(c) In dry regions, drip or trickle irrigation is suggested.
Q2. Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?
(a) Time
(b) Soil texture
(c) Organic matter
Answer: (b)
(ii) Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?
(a) Shelter belts
(b) Mulching
(c) Terrace cultivation
Answer: (c)
(iii) Which one of the following is NOT in favour of the conservation of nature?
(a) Switch off the bulb when not in use
(b) Close the tap immediately after using
(c) Dispose polypacks after shopping
Answer: (c)
Q3. Match the followings.
| (i) Land use | (a) prevent soil erosion |
| (ii) Humus | (b) land suitable for agriculture |
| (iii) Rock dams | (c) productive use of land |
| (iv) Arable land | (d) organic matter deposited on top soil |
| (e) contour plugging |
Answer:
| (i) Land use | (c) productive use of land |
| (ii) Humus | (d) organic matter deposited on top soil |
| (iii) Rock dams | (a) prevent soil erosion |
| (iv) Arable land | (b) land suitable for agriculture |
Q4. State whether the given statement is true or false. If true, write the reasons.
(i) Ganga–Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region.
Answer: True
(ii)Water availability per person in India is declining.
Answer: True
(iii) Rows of trees planted in the coastal areas to check the wind movement is called intercropping.
Answer: False
(iv)Human interference and changes of climate can maintain the ecosystem.
Answer: True
Q5. Activity Discuss some more reasons which are responsible for changes of land use pattern. Has your place undergone any change in the land use pattern? Find out from your parents and elderly people. You can conduct an interview by asking the following questions.
Answer: Students can prepare their answers by observing the pictures given below.
